通常情況下，火花塞的使用壽命為15000公里，長效火花塞的使用壽命也不超過30000公里。然而不少車主的火花塞常常出現(xiàn)這樣那樣的問題，達(dá)不到其正常使用壽命。
Generally, the service life of spark plugs is 15000 km, and the service life of long-term spark plugs is no more than 30000 km. However, many car owners' spark plugs often have such problems, which can not reach their normal service life.
其實(shí)，火花塞的工作溫度是相當(dāng)高的。發(fā)動機(jī)正常運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)時，火花塞絕緣體裙部的溫度一般保持在500到600攝氏度之間。溫度過高或過低對火花塞影響都不好。在火花塞溫度過低的情況下，火花塞上的絕緣體容易積炭，z終引起漏電以至于產(chǎn)生缺火現(xiàn)象。如果火花塞工作溫度過高，容易引起早燃和發(fā)動機(jī)爆震。在奇瑞汽車訓(xùn)練營中，專賣店的工作人員將火花塞出現(xiàn)的常見故障歸納為兩種。一為火花塞嚴(yán)重?zé)g，另一種為火花塞有沉積物。
In fact, the working temperature of the spark plug is quite high. During normal engine operation, the temperature of spark plug insulator skirt is generally maintained between 500 and 600 degrees Celsius. Too high or too low temperature has a bad effect on the spark plug. When the temperature of the spark plug is too low, the insulator on the spark plug is easy to deposit carbon, Z eventually causing electric leakage and misfire. If the working temperature of spark plug is too high, it is easy to cause early combustion and engine knock. In Chery Automobile training camp, the staff of the exclusive store summarized the common faults of spark plugs into two types. One is that the spark plug is severely ablated, and the other is that the spark plug has deposits.
火花塞燒蝕
Spark plug ablation
當(dāng)車主發(fā)現(xiàn)火花塞頂端有疤痕或是破壞、電極出現(xiàn)熔化、燒蝕現(xiàn)象時，都表明火花塞已經(jīng)毀壞，此時就應(yīng)該更換火花塞。在更換過程中車主可以檢查火花塞燒蝕的癥象以及顏色的變化。
When the owner finds that the top of the spark plug is scarred or damaged, and the electrode melts and ablates, it indicates that the spark plug has been damaged. At this time, the spark plug should be replaced. During the replacement process, the owner can check the symptoms of spark plug ablation and the change of color.
癥狀1：電極熔化且絕緣體呈白色
Symptom 1: the electrode is melted and the insulator is white
診斷：這種現(xiàn)象表明燃燒室內(nèi)溫度過高。這可能是燃燒室內(nèi)積炭過多，從而造成氣門間隙過小，進(jìn)一步引發(fā)排氣門過熱或是冷卻裝置工作不良造成的。在火花塞未按規(guī)定力矩擰緊時也會造成電極熔化，絕緣體呈現(xiàn)白色的現(xiàn)象。
Diagnosis: this phenomenon indicates that the temperature in the combustion chamber is too high. This may be caused by excessive carbon deposition in the combustion chamber, resulting in too small valve clearance, further overheating of exhaust valve or poor operation of cooling device. When the spark plug is not tightened according to the specified torque, the electrode will melt and the insulator will appear white.
癥狀2：電極變圓且絕緣體結(jié)有疤痕
Symptom 2: the electrode becomes round and the insulator is scarred
診斷：這就表明發(fā)動機(jī)早燃，可能是點(diǎn)火時間過早或者汽油辛烷值過低，火花塞熱值過高等原因帶來的。
Diagnosis: This indicates that the engine burns early, which may be caused by premature ignition time, low octane number of gasoline and high calorific value of spark plug.
癥狀3：絕緣體頂端碎裂
Symptom 3: broken insulator tip
診斷：一般來說，爆震燃燒是絕緣體破裂的主要原因。而點(diǎn)火時間過早、汽油辛烷值低、燃燒室內(nèi)溫度過高，都可能導(dǎo)致發(fā)動機(jī)爆震燃燒。
Diagnosis: Generally speaking, knock combustion is the main cause of insulator rupture. Premature ignition time, low gasoline octane number and high combustion chamber temperature may lead to engine detonation combustion.
癥狀4：絕緣體頂端有灰黑色條紋
Symptom 4: there are gray black stripes on the top of the insulator
診斷：這種條紋的出現(xiàn)表明火花塞已經(jīng)漏氣，車主需要無條件更換新件。
Diagnosis: the appearance of this stripe indicates that the spark plug has leaked air, and the owner needs to replace it unconditionally.
火花塞上有沉積物
Deposits on spark plugs
火花塞絕緣體的頂端和電極間有時會粘上沉積物。車主不要小看這種沉積物。
Deposits sometimes stick between the top of the spark plug insulator and the electrode. Owners should not underestimate this sediment.
嚴(yán)重時這種情況可能造成發(fā)動機(jī)不能正常工作。在清潔火花塞后，車輛暫時可以得到正常運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，但不久后又會出現(xiàn)類似情況。事實(shí)上，火花塞出現(xiàn)沉積物只是一個表面現(xiàn)象，這有可能是車輛別的機(jī)械部件出現(xiàn)問題的信號。
In severe cases, this may cause the engine to not work properly. After cleaning the spark plugs, the vehicle can run normally for the time being, but a similar situation will occur again soon. In fact, the deposit on the spark plug is only a surface phenomenon, which may be a signal of problems with other mechanical parts of the vehicle.
癥狀1：火花塞上有油性沉積物
Symptom 1: oily deposits on spark plugs
診斷：當(dāng)火花塞上出現(xiàn)油性沉積物時，就表明潤滑油已進(jìn)入燃燒室內(nèi)。如果只是個別火花塞上有油性沉積物，則可能是氣門桿油封損壞造成的。但如果是各個缸體的火花塞都粘有這種沉積物，則表明氣缸出現(xiàn)躥油。一般來說，在空氣濾清器和通風(fēng)裝置堵塞的情況下，汽缸極易出現(xiàn)躥油的現(xiàn)象。
Diagnosis: when oily deposits appear on the spark plug, it indicates that the lubricating oil has entered the combustion chamber. If only individual spark plugs have oily deposits, it may be caused by damage to the valve stem oil seal. However, if this deposit is adhered to the spark plugs of each cylinder block, it indicates that the cylinder has jumped up oil. Generally speaking, when the air filter and ventilation device are blocked, the cylinder is prone to jump oil.
癥狀2：火花塞上有黑色沉積物
Symptom 2: black deposits on spark plugs
診斷：火花塞電極和內(nèi)部有黑色沉積物，通常表明氣缸內(nèi)混合氣體過濃。車主可以增高發(fā)動機(jī)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)速度，并持續(xù)幾分鐘，借以燒掉留在電極上面的一層黑色煤煙層
Diagnosis: there are black deposits on the spark plug electrode and inside, which usually indicates that the gas mixture in the cylinder is too rich. The owner can increase the running speed of the engine for a few minutes to burn off a layer of black soot left on the electrode
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